Can an Illiberal Democracy Be Voted Out of Power?
Scenarios Before and After the Hungarian Parliamentary Election
Hybrid Workshop
13. 01. 2026
Institute for Danube Region and Central Europe (IDM)
Concept: Dr. Dr. Péter Techet PhD, LL.M., MA
Contributors from IDM: Mag. Malwina Talik, MA; Júlia Mits, MA
On 13 January 2026, the Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe held an international workshop on possible scenarios and outcomes of Hungary’s forthcoming parliamentary elections.
Experts from Budapest, Prague, Vienna, and Vilnius discussed legal and political aspects of elections in an illiberal democratic system and the institutional conditions for a potential change of government.
The workshop took place in the context of Hungary’s political situation ahead of the parliamentary elections scheduled for 12 April 2026. For the first time since 2010, opinion polls indicate that the opposition party Tisza, led by Péter Magyar, is ahead of the governing party Fidesz. Hungary is an illiberal democracy. In this context, the 2026 elections represent an important case for examining whether a change of government can occur within this existing legal and institutional framework.
The workshop was structured around two thematic blocks.
The first addressed whether elections conducted under the legal and political conditions of an illiberal democracy can meet democratic standards. Discussions focused on the Hungarian electoral system, amendments to electoral law since 2010, state communication during election campaigns, disinformation, and potential risks of electoral manipulation, as well as the legal mechanisms available for prevention and challenge.
The second thematic block focused on possible post-election scenarios, in particular the legal and political options available if either the governing party or the opposition does not accept the election result. The discussion examined whether and how one of the two camps could refuse to recognise the outcome, and what political consequences such a refusal – by either the government or the opposition – might entail.
Participants: Melani Barlai (Andrássy University, Budapest); Zsófia Banuta (Unhack Democracy, Budapest); Dániel Döbrentey (Hungarian Civic Liberties Union, Budapest), Timea Drinóczi (Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius / CEU Democracy Institute, Budapest); Pavlína Janebová (AMO, Prague); Péter Krekó (Political Capital, Budapest / ELTE University, Budapest); János Mécs (ELTE University / Hungarian Civic Liberties Union, Budapest); Júlia Mits (IDM, Vienna); Bálint Ruff (Political advisor, Partizán Média, Budapest); Ádám Sanyó (Data Analyst, Budapest); Sebastian Schäffer (IDM, Vienna); Michael Stellwag (Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Vienna); Zsuzsanna Szelényi (CEU Democracy Institute, Budapest); Malwina Talik (IDM, Vienna); Péter Techet (IDM, Vienna).